LECTURESConsulting Skills02

Ph.1 Current State (Data)

Inferring Operations from Data

Hypothesize an AS-IS business workflow from CSV data

Starting from nothing but CSV data and forms, use Claude Code to hypothesize an AS-IS business workflow. A hands-on course aimed at locking down the AI-adoption scope and sharing assumptions before discovery.

Inferring Operations from Data

─ ARTICLE COVER

Consulting SkillsPh.1 Current State (Data)

§I ─ POSITION

Where this course fits

Ph.1 "Current State (Data)." Before you go into discovery, experience how far you can hypothesize operations from data alone. A skill for "preparing without stealing the field's time."

§II ─ TAKEAWAYS

What you will learn

  1. 01

    Work backward from the column structure and volume trends of order data to the flow of operations

  2. 02

    Automate the CSV-analysis → workflow-hypothesis path for data using Claude Code

  3. 03

    Walk into discovery with pinpoint "points you want to confirm"

§III ─ EXCERPT

Excerpt from the course

01

Operations seep into the data

Gaps in sequential order numbers mean a missing manual entry or a separate input channel. A large gap between due dates and actual dates means there is an adjustment process. A skew in the owner column points to authority and person-dependence. Data can be read as a mirror of operations.

02

Observation → hypothesis mapping

An "anomaly," "skew," or "inconsistency" in the data points to a specific operational pattern.

What you observe in the dataOperational hypothesis
A large gap in order numbersA separate input channel exists (FAX → manual Excel entry, etc.)
A cluster where due dates and actual dates differ widelyAn adjustment process / handling of exceptions exists
The owner column skews toward one personPerson-dependence / concentrated authority is likely
Input concentrated in a specific time slotLast-minute evening entry / batch processing right before month-end close
Rows where the amount is "-" or zeroReturn processing / cancellation work exists
Duplicate primary keysA re-issuance / correction pattern

03

Standard flow for forming hypotheses (using Claude Code)

Running this in order lets you draft an AS-IS business workflow in 30 minutes.

  • ① Check column names and count distributions (infer granularity and input channels)
  • ② Peaks and valleys over time (infer the cycle of operations and exception handling)
  • ③ Missing / duplicate primary keys (infer the existence of corrective work)
  • ④ Inconsistencies with related tables (infer multiple systems running in parallel)
  • ⑤ Skew by owner / location (infer person-dependence / exception routes)
  • ⑥ Draft in a role × timeline format → annotate confidence with ○ △ ×

04

Attach a "confidence level"

Once you build hypotheses from data, the confidence will inevitably vary. Annotating with three levels — "certain from this column name" (○), "inferred from this distribution" (△), and "not in the data, but common in practice, so tentatively assumed" (×) — automatically decides what you need to ask in Ph.2 discovery.

05

Bring "points to debate" into discovery

The AS-IS workflow you build in Ph.1 is not a "correct answer" but a "starting point for discussion." Pick 3–5 ×-confidence (tentative) points and, at the very start of discovery, present them: "Is this understanding correct?" This alone turns discovery from "a place where the field explains everything from scratch" into "a place where you confirm an existing hypothesis."

06

How to instruct Claude Code

Handing CSV analysis entirely to the AI won't produce good results. Giving instructions in the following order makes it easier for the AI to reach operational hypotheses.

  • ① Have it read the meaning and granularity of each column (fact)
  • ② Have it list anomalous distributions, skews, and gaps (observation)
  • ③ Instruct: "List three workflow characteristics you can infer from this distribution" (hypothesis)
  • ④ Instruct: "Write the AS-IS business workflow in a role × timeline format" (deliverable)
  • ⑤ Have it annotate confidence (○ △ ×) on every step (turn them into points to debate)

07

The "don't steal the field's time" principle

If you skip Ph.1 and go straight to discovery, you'll fire off beginner questions in front of the field and lose their trust in an instant. Show up to discovery after building 70% of the operational hypothesis from data, and the field's time is done in 30 minutes. Show up without checking the data, and the same discovery takes two hours — and you'll still need follow-ups. Preparing in Ph.1 ultimately minimizes total effort.

─── Continue in the download edition ───

§∞ ─ DOWNLOAD

Get the full materials, exercises and answers
in the download edition.

─ EXERCISE

Using Azika Foods' order data CSV (covering multiple years) as the material, you sketch out the AS-IS business workflow. It comes with company-background slides, announcement slides, and a flow guide, so it also works as a template for running an internal study session.

Lecture slides

Every slide of the course

Cheat sheet

Quick reference for the field

Exercises

With answers and grading

Advanced / test

Hands-on plus rubric

INCLUDED PDFS ─ 6files

IT Consulting Guidebook | A Systematic IT Consulting Method Across 18 Lessons, from IR Analysis to PM | IPLoT Inc.